Word: spirited
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...problems of the Zeitgeist postulate in historical writing. Examining Henry Adams' Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres, Huizinga's Waning of the Middle Ages, Panofsky's Gothic Architecture and Scholasticism, and Southern's Making of the Middle Ages, Bourne finds that the first two historians tend to invoke a time-spirit to explain the relations between different aspects of medieval culture. The positing of a time-spirit raises questions akin to those of the nominalist-realist controversy which occupied the minds of the medieval man that these historians write about: does the Zeitgeist have any universal validity or is it merely...
AMONG the greatest collectors of art were Rome's Renaissance Popes, and under their patronage, Raphael and Michelangelo produced some of their greatest works. For a sampling in color of the Vatican Treasures, see ART, Matter and Spirit at the Vatican...
MASTERPIECES of art are matter and spirit fused; thus they can have particular appeal to religious men. The Popes of Rome especially have been lovers of art, and in Renaissance times their power as temporal princes made it possible to amass art treasure on a grand scale. On public view at the Vatican, that treasure has become one of Rome's crowning glories...
...right in the education of children, who are merely on loan to the school as surrogate. Though society guarantees that the school may be of any persuasion, if it meets public standards, Catholics are penalized for exercising this guarantee. "It is radically unjust and in violation of the abiding spirit of constitutional government," wrote Gorman, "to allow a reasonable exercise of parental and religious liberty to entail a burdensome inequality before the laws...
...moved toward his ordination as a priest, he began to sound more and more like the general's son. "National spirit will always be associated with the national arms," he proclaimed. "I should like to see all schools flying the national colors." He also said: "Order is heaven's first law and man's last and to restore it in a few spots of earth takes greater exercise of divine power than to create a million worlds...