Word: spreading
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Ominously, the kind of civil disobedience that has taken root in Turin is beginning to spread all across northern Italy. In Milan, protesters are refusing to pay increases in rents, bus fares and schoolbook charges. In nearby Monza last week, Pietro Russolillo, a 50-year-old schoolteacher, dramatically drove up to the police station to turn himself in for not paying the una tantum, or onetime surtax that the Rumor government imposed on 12 million cars. "I am ready to pay ten times the amount," declared Russolillo with a flourish, "but first you must persuade me that the money will...
...trepidation about the possibility of a domino effect. France, for instance, has a Communist Party just as bourgeois in image as Italy's and almost as large and entrenched. Under certain circumstances - a deepening of the economic crisis, for example - the Communist in fluence and appeal might spread from the underbelly to the rest of Europe in disturbing ways...
Though such screening procedures as mammography and thermography can spot cancer in the breasts early, the American Cancer Society reports that 95% of all breast tumors are discovered by the women themselves. Of these, 60% have spread to the lymph nodes before detection...
Another study, meanwhile, indicated that even axillary tumors-those that have spread to the lymph nodes-may be better controlled or prevented following surgery by treatment with a drug called L-phenylalanine mustard. Conducted at 37 hospitals, the study showed that L-PAM reduced the rate of recurrence among women who had already undergone surgery for breast cancer. Its effect on premenopausal women was particularly dramatic. Of 37 such women who received no drug treatment after surgery, eleven had recurrences of cancer; of 30 treated with oral doses of L-PAM, only one had a recurrence...
Reduced Trauma. Most doctors are likely to welcome the NCI's findings on L-PAM and make wider use of the drug. But, until ways other than surgery are developed to determine whether cancers have spread to the lymph nodes, few are likely to abandon radical mastectomy for the simpler operation...