Word: stalinization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Communist system that they want it overthrown. But in general, the dissenters share three basic aims. They want full exposure of the crimes against the Soviet people during the Stalin era. They want the regime to halt the rehabilitation of Stalin and the restoration of Stalinist methods. Finally, they are outraged at the illegality of the regime's tactics against them: the confinement of dissenters in lunatic asylums, the searches and seizures of private papers, the arrests for circulating manuscripts or for demonstrating peacefully in public assembly...
Their argument is that such things are a violation of the Soviet constitution. Their tactic is essentially an appeal to law, and that in itself represents an advance over the days of Stalin, when such a protest would have been meaningless. That it is not entirely meaningless now is demonstrated by the fact that the secret police are also concerned with fabricating cases that they can prop up in a Soviet court. The KGB effort to peddle Solzhenitsyn's manuscripts abroad is a search for a pretext to arrest him. Stalin's police never required pretexts for anything they...
...first political show trial since Stalin's death took place in February of 1966. Two novelists, Andrei Sinyavsky and Yuli Daniel, were charged with circulating "anti-Soviet" propaganda after they had sent their novels abroad to be published (under the pen names Abram Tertz and Nikolai Arzhak). They were condemned, under Article 70 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Republic, for "dissemination of slanderous inventions" with the purpose of "subverting the Soviet regime." Since then, an even more general law has been passed removing the need to prove subversive purpose. Sinyavsky got seven years' hard labor, Daniel five. Their...
...During the five-day trial, sympathizers gathered outside the courtroom. A letter to "world public opinion" condemning the "witch trials" as "a wild mockery of justice no better than the purge trials of the 1930s" was circulated by Mrs. Yuli Daniel and Pavel Litvinov, grandson of Stalin's Foreign Minister and one of the most daring of the dissidents. Shivering so badly in the January weather that her friends had to hold her to keep her warm, Larisa Daniel was asked why, when her husband was already in a labor camp, she was there. Said she: "I cannot do otherwise...
...pride of world literature, could not at one time be published in our country (even today he is not published in full). There were the writers of the '20s who at a very early stage denounced the birth of the personality cult and the characteristic traits of Stalin. But they were annihilated, they were stifled, instead of being listened to. Literature cannot develop between the categories "permitted" and "not permitted." Literature that does not breathe the same air as contemporary society, that cannot communicate to it its pains and fears, that cannot give warning in time against moral...