Word: stalinization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Communists have always regarded their press as a prop of the regime. Lenin, Trotsky, Stalin, Beria, Molotov all served time on Russian newspapers and used them to consolidate their power. "No tool so flexible," said Stalin, referring to the press, "is to be found in nature." Today, some 7,000 of these tools-ranging from the big Moscow dailies, Pravda and Izvestia, to crude factory handouts-are published in 121 languages in Russia...
Chief defendant was Father László Emödi, 45, former rector of Budapest's Regnum Marianum Church, which was razed by the Reds in 1950 to make room for a huge statue of Stalin. Emödi was first imprisoned in 1961 for organizing religious instruction among children, but was later amnestied. Now he must serve out the four remaining years of his earlier jail sentence as well as five more years for his latest "relapse." Also convicted: Father Alajos Werner, Hungary's leading composer of religious music, who several years ago attended a congress...
...after an intensive course in subversive techniques at Moscow's University of the Toilers of the East (during which he established the beginnings of a close friendship with Stalin), Ho struck the theme that would resound throughout his career. Addressing the Fifth Comintern Congress that summer, he took European Communists to task for failing to appreciate the potential for revolution in underdeveloped areas. "You will forgive my frankness," he said, "but I cannot avoid explaining that the speeches of my comrades from the mother countries have given me the impression that they are trying to kill a snake...
Teacher's Pet. Giving up the soft life of a Moscow student, with its "party spouses" and anticapitalist polemics, Ho set out for China under the name of Nguyen Ai Quoc (roughly, "Smith the Patriot"), as agitator and translator for Stalin's agent Mikhail Borodin. Their mission: to penetrate the Kuomintang and train Communist can bo (cadres) to infiltrate French Indo-China. At Canton's Whampoa Military Academy, Ho demonstrated his skills as a disciplinarian. Any student-agitator who failed to show sufficient diligence was promptly betrayed to the French when he infiltrated Viet Nam. Most...
Servile Pen. In 1931, at Stalin's urging, Gorky returned to Russia. He was set to work glorifying the slave-labor projects that were reshaping Soviet society and killing millions in the process. The "histories" and editorials that spewed forth in Gorky's name pandered to Stalin's every whim; his formulation of socialist realism resulted in the most servile cultural creed ever imposed on the human intellect. Then in 1936, just before the Great Purge began, Gorky mysteriously died. During the Bukharin "show trial," witnesses "confessed" that he had been murdered by the "rightist-Trotskyite conspiracy...