Word: stalinized
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...result has been a heavy demand for attorneys. The number of law schools has risen from 36 to 50 since 1970, and an unprecedented measure of prestige is accruing to the profession. Some observers have even suggested something that Marx, Lenin or Stalin would have found unthinkable: in 30 years or so, the country's Establishment could include a liberal sprinkling of lawyers...
...young film maker-theoreticians-Sergei Eisenstein, V.I. Pudovkin and Alexander Dovzhenko-seized the movie toy and remade it into a sophisticated machine that dazzled the world intelligentsia, even as it instructed the Russian proletariat. As long as the party hierarchy was amused too, all was well. But in 1924 Stalin rephrased the famous dictum, and his diaphanous threat holds to this day: "The cinema is the greatest means of mass agitation. Our problem is to take this matter into our own hands...
...afraid. I'm worried.' " He should be, for he will share the blame with the film's creators if something offends someone further up the line -a cultural bureaucrat in one of the republics, or perhaps even the Central Committee in Moscow. Like Stalin before him, Brezhnev has been known to enter these debates. He once got a movie shelved simply by inquiring after a screening, "Who needs...
...cover the whole world with asphalt, but a few blades of green grass will always break through," concluded Soviet Novelist Ilya Ehrenburg, as the Stalin era faded. And still they come: surprising new writers who have shattered the deadening conventions of the past. They have recoiled from the novel, viewing it as prefabricated Stalinist architecture. The genre of choice is the short story or novella. Many writers have managed gradually to escape from Socialist Realism, with its obligatory jargon and hortatory themes, traveling a world away -back to 19th century realism. Even Boris Pasternak and Alexander Solzhenitsyn, the two major...
...short story writers to emerge since Stalin's death, Vasili Aksyonov, 47, continues to display the greatest virtuosity. Although he has written enormously popular stories in a realist vein, Aksyonov has gone on to explore a variety of modes and permutations of language, entering the 1980s as the Soviet Union's only truly modern prose writer. His evolution is instructive. Aksyonov's first fiction dealt with a previously unheard-of theme: the real life of Soviet teenagers...