Word: state
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Dona Violeta needs more than that to defeat the well-organized Ortega. U.N.O. must reach its natural constituency among those hurt most by the Sandinistas. Even the U.S. is uncertain how strongly to back her. While Ortega is one of Bush's least favorite heads of state, lavishing U.S. resources on a lost cause could succeed only in making Ortega more difficult to deal with in a second term. Still, the U.S. will spend $9 million to support the election, giving some to U.N.O. and some -- by Nicaraguan law -- to the Sandinista government...
...consumer big bang was detonated in 1982 with the advent of color TV, but really took off in 1984 when Doordarshan, the monopoly state television company, began allowing advertisers to sponsor shows. Over the next five years, the advertising revenues at Doordarshan jumped more than tenfold. Top- rated shows exposed tens of millions of slum dwellers and villagers, as well as civil servants and professionals, to the blandishments of housewives, models and children. A surge in foreign travel and the arrival of the video revolution further whetted appetites for consumer goods...
Critics assailed Yalta as a sellout. Even George Kennan, then a top State Department official, denounced the West's refusal "to name any limit for Russian expansion and Russian responsibilities." But Charles Bohlen, assistant to the Secretary of State and one of the designers of the deal, called such criticism naive. Neither Britain nor the U.S. had any way to coerce Stalin, he argued, and "either our pals intend to limit themselves or they...
...issue. The party officials, journalists and lawmakers who took part recited a litany of accusations against such prominent citizens as former Ukrainian party boss Vladimir Shcherbitsky; Yevgeni Chazov, the Soviet Minister of Health; Anatoli Aleksandrov, former head of the Soviet Academy of Sciences; and Yuri Izrael, chairman of the State Committee on Hydrometeorology...
...least one accusation -- that the accident released 1 billion or more curies of radiation, rather than the reported figure of 50 million to 80 million -- is denied by the authorities. Says Nikolai Steinberg, former chief engineer of the Chernobyl reactor and now deputy chairman of the State Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Industry: "We're not the only ones who came up with that figure. International scientists were involved as well." U.S. experts support the lower estimate. Nonetheless, Yablokov and other deputies have demanded that the Chernobyl installation, which is still operating, be closed down completely...