Word: steel
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...opposite page), the crowd, estimated at upwards of 25,000, greeted it with an awed and respectful hush. Against the stark Miesian geometry of the Civic Center stood a majestic monument, its massive metal features-relieved by lacy rods-matching the building's rust-colored Cor-Ten steel girders. Picasso's work gracefully dominated the 78,000-sq.-ft. plaza as much by its delicate airiness as by its mass-both a contrast to the rectilinear building and a foil to the splashing fountains. Said Chicago Architect William Hartmann, who originally had persuaded the 85-year-old artist...
...brainchild of Engineers Victor F. Zackay and Earl R. Parker, the new alloy is called TRIP (for transformation-induced plasticity) steel. In effect, it can be stretched like Silly Putty or molten glass 2½ to 4½ times as far as present-day high-strength steel without fracturing its molecular structure. More important, when TRIP steel eventually reaches the point of crack-inducing stress, a solid-state chemical reaction is triggered that blunts small cracks just as they begin, then fills them in to prevent major wounds. The chemical change precipitating this "self-healing" process takes place...
Indefatigable? Oddly enough, producing Zackay and Parker's super steel involves no other ingredients than those already used in steel alloys. "It is a new combination of alloys normally used in various kinds of stainless steel," says Zackay. Once the two professors hit upon the basic composition, "the only variation from the production of ordinary stainless was a deformation of the steel at temperatures from 500° to 1,100° Fahrenheit," said Parker...
...haven't had time to look for them." Titanium is used in jet aircraft, and although both engineers termed the idea of using TRIP-processed materials to prevent metal fatigue "pure speculation" at this point, it is not beyond the realm of possibility. Other conceivable uses of TRIP steel: storage tanks to withstand the super-coolness (as much as -450° F.) of liquid helium, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen; chemical-processing equipment; roller and ball bearings. TRIP, in the estimate of its discoverers, is capable of being produced commercially at prices competitive with other high-strength steels...
There has been some expected grumbling over other parts of the agreements. Domestic industries are not too kindly towards the reductions in tariffs on steel, aluminum, textiles, paper, pulp, lumber, and many other items. But these industries can seek remedies in other forms, such as Federal adjustment assistance or legislative limits on imports that compete for their American market...