Word: steels
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...could be a while, however, before there's an easyQube in your building foyer. Currently installed in about six complexes in the Boston area, the steel boxes are being redesigned this fall with a sleeker look and larger compartments to accommodate dry-cleaning and groceries. To get the device, you'll need to convince your landlord (or coop board) to give it a try. While installation is free, residents will pay a $10 per month usage fee. Even Veraksa has quibbles with that price. "I'd be willing to pay $1 or $2 per item," but that...
...still missing, and while some of them may be lying in hospitals, unconscious and unidentified, plenty of cars are still submerged in the Mississippi River. Anyone trapped inside - and there are such people - is no longer alive. So recovery crews are picking their way carefully around the twisted steel and broken concrete that could shift without warning in the muddy current...
...other cases - the Mianus River Bridge in Connecticut (three dead in 1983) or the Silver Bridge, spanning the Ohio River between Ohio and West Virginia (46 dead in 1967) - the cause is far more subtle. The former was triggered by metal fatigue in a single steel pin: when it finally failed, the loss of support transferred excess stress on other parts, which couldn't handle it, failing in turn. The latter was finally traced, again, to a single piece of metal, which had been forged with a tiny, unnoticed crack that weakened further with corrosion...
Corrosion may have played a role here as well: the Minneapolis bridge - what's known as a deck steel truss bridge - was a concrete roadway supported by gridwork of steel. "When you use both concrete and steel like this," says William Miller, an expert on bridge engineering at Temple University in Philadelphia, "there can be chemical reactions going on where these two very different substances meet. This is especially a problem in extreme climates where water can get into the cracks between supports, freeze and expand and cause a huge amount of damage." Beyond that, says Miller, "concrete...
...irony is that so many of these houses are in jeopardy just as the Modernist era--all those decades of severe glass and steel--is being re-evaluated. By the 1970s, the sheer quantity of mediocre boxy office buildings had given the style a bad name. The history of architecture since then has been largely an effort to find a way out of that aesthetic dead end. Still, the enduring virtues of Modernism--clean lines and lucid structure--have been carried into the present by architects like Norman Foster and Richard Rogers. Meanwhile the furniture and graphics...