Word: stickgold
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...study, Stickgold trained 24 students to recognize a pattern of diagonal lines flashed briefly on a computer screen. Half the students then enjoyed a good night's sleep. The other half were kept up through the entire night...
Three days later, Stickgold found that the students who pulled an all-nighter weren't any better at recognizing the line patterns than they had been originally. The students who slept, however, remembered the patterns and recognized them more easily...
...Regardless of when we trained the subject, they cannot show improvement in performance until they've slept on it," Stickgold said...
...Stickgold said he believes that when students sleep, their memories are consolidated and reorganized so that information stays with them in the long term...
...Stickgold also said that while most people need eight to eight and a half hours of sleep to feel well-rested, the time can vary from individual to individual--though few people get as much as they should...