Word: stimuli
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Children who show early signs of being uninhibited carry the same behavioral trait more consistently through their lives. Kagan reports that 30 percent of the children he studied showed an early tendency toward extroversion. At four months of age, these children were not highly reactive to stimuli and exhibited "low crying...
...five years of age, and 70 percent will be extroverted as adults. Kagan said that the behavioral consistency of uninhibited children was due to a lack of intervention on the part of their parents. While parents of shy children place them in therapy that gradually desensitizes them to unfamiliar stimuli, the parents of bold children do not give them similar attention...
Kagan said that shy children, whom he terms "inhibited," and bold children, described as "uninhibited," can be distinguished by their physiological reactions to a series of previously unencountered stimuli...
...What we discovered after 15 years of work," Kagan said, "is that 15 percent of those children we studied inherited the biological trait of being inhibited." According to Kagan, these children were characterized, at four months of age, by being very reactive to the stimuli of his tests, crying and tensing their limbs...
...thirds of the children that exhibited an early tendency of shyness carried this tendency to the age of two years, showing "high motor activity to stimuli." According to Kagan, these children will be "cautious, shy and restrained...