Word: stimuli
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Chesire, a neurologist from the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, and renowned neurologist Dr. William Hammesfahr, have suggested that she is definitely not. Even a doctor appointed by Michael Schiavo to investigate his wife’s health has admitted his surprise at her awareness level. She responds to stimuli and can breathe on her own, pump her own blood, and even swallow. Perhaps her PVS diagnosis on the part of other doctors has been the consequence of a lack of any better condition of which to describe her. Either way, there are serious doubts as to whether Terri Schiavo...
...technique—called two-photon calcium imaging in vivo—was applied to the part of the brain where neural input from the eye is translated into images we see. When the animals, cats, and rats were subjected to visual stimuli of moving black and white stripes, the technique recorded images of hundreds of nerve cells firing simultaneously...
...order to capture cells responses to the visual stimuli, the researchers injected clusters of cells with a substance that glows when calcium levels rise, a sign of firing neurons. Then, using a sophisticated microscope, the researchers produced time-lapse images, or successive photographs, which showed alternating groups of cells glowing: multiple clusters of firing neurons...
...method is a combination of several previously discovered techniques, including work done by Hubel and Torsten Wiesel, who won a Nobel prize for their work. Their experiments revealed that different neurons in the visual cortex respond to different stimuli...
...cited as one example Cabot Professor of Social Ethics Mahzarin Banaji, a psychologist who has studied gender disparities in attitudes toward mathematics. In online tests that ask subjects to categorize various pictures and words, Banaji has found that females associate “math” with unpleasant stimuli much more readily than males...