Word: strains
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...where Keasling comes in. He's focusing his lab's work on producing synthetic artemisinin to drive down the price per dose to pennies. Keasling and his team at Berkeley have already worked out how to extract the genes responsible for making artemisinin and transplanted them into a harmless strain of E. coli. Now they're furiously working those 100-hour weeks to reroute the metabolic traffic in the microbe and produce oodles of artemisinin...
...treatment programs are critical as the AIDS virus continues to spread and mutate. The WHO and U.N. last week reported that an estimated 40 million people are HIV-positive, including a record 1 million in the U.S. In New York City, doctors were alarmed to discover a particularly powerful strain of HIV in a sexually active gay man. Resistant to all but one of the classes of anti-AIDS drugs, that fast-working virus appears to lead to full-blown AIDS in a matter of months...
...indexes got 1.86 more hours of sleep a week than those who were overweight. Sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) pose even graver risks. Not only does OSA cause raucous snoring, but it can also stop your breathing as often as 60 times an hour, which may strain your cardiovascular system. Studies show that moderate to severe OSA significantly raises your risk of stroke and sudden death from cardiac causes. The condition can be effectively treated, however, with masks that force air through your nose while you sleep...
AVIAN FLU The possibility of a flu pandemic dominated the news for much of the fall, although the death toll from the virus that has health officials most worried--the so-called H5N1 strain--remains vastly greater in birds than humans. So far, 132 people in Southeast Asia and China are known to have been infected, and more than half of them have died. Meanwhile, millions of chickens and ducks have been slaughtered in a last-ditch attempt to keep the virus from spreading--an effort made more difficult by migrating flocks of wild birds that have carried the virus...
...EPISIOTOMY Doctors routinely make a small incision, called an episiotomy, to relieve some of the strain on mother and child during a vaginal delivery. The cut is supposed to speed the baby's exit, but cases of fetal distress that would require it are rare. In fact, the operation often does more harm than good. Analyzing 26 studies on the procedure conducted since 1950, researchers found that women who have episiotomies are at greater risk of injury, take longer to heal and don't have a better sex life...