Word: strike
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...public service. In the next seven years, this figure is expected to reach 15 million. Until relatively recent years, the widely held public point of view was that these government employees-whatever their number and whatever their classification-had no right to organize, let alone a right to strike. In 1937, Franklin D. Roosevelt called public strikes "unthinkable and intolerable." United Auto Workers President Walter Reuther said in 1966 that "society cannot tolerate strikes that endanger the very survival of society," and proposed finding a new "mechanism by which workers in public service can secure their equity without the need...
Last week the first statewide public-employee strike in the U.S. closed one-third of Florida's 1,800 public schools (see EDUCATION). The stench of January's illegal strike by New York City's sanitation men, which heaped 100,000 tons of garbage on the streets, offended the nation's nostrils-and was quickly followed by another strike of trash haulers in Memphis, Tenn. Detroit's summer epidemic of "blue flu," in which 700 policemen reported sick, deprived that city of 30% of its on-duty law-enforcement force. A 1967 walkout of firemen...
Once they are in a union, public employees immediately see further differences. Thus in Manhattan, drivers on the buses operated by the public Transit Authority are covered by the no-strike law, while those driving for the privately owned Avenue B and East Broadway Transit Co. are under no such restriction. Fired by the Washington Suburban Sanitation Commission after a 1966 strike, garbage men in suburban Washington savored the immense satisfaction of going back to work-at the higher wages they had demanded-for the private contractor to whom the commission had let the new refuse-collection contract. Amid such...
...most hopeful aspect about the rash of public strikes is that they have injected new and sorely needed urgency into the search for solutions. Investigation proceeds in a wide range. Some suggestions have been heard that existing strike penalties are not severe enough to deter strikes and should be increased. Advocates of this position refer to the example of John L. Lewis' 1946 coal miners' walkout, in which a $700,000 fine, imposed by the U.S. Government, effectively throttled the strike...
Labor Mediator Theodore Kheel proposes enjoining only those strikes that affect public health and safety; others, he feels, can be managed within the strategies of arbitration. Michigan State University Economist Jack Stieber would group government employees into three categories, only the first of which-possibly limited to policemen and firemen-would not be allowed to strike. Strikes instigated in less essential services would be tacitly tolerated, at least until their cumulative effect went beyond inconvenience...