Word: subjectively
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...time making superfluous references to the passionate nature of the Mediterranean peoples and the inevitable doom of Eddie Carbone. This device imparts to the play an air of pretentiousness, which Joseph Plummer does not dissipate by playing Alfieri like the dear old professor of a very recondite subject...
Motivation also plays an important part in hypnotic reactions. No one can be successfully hypnotized unless he is willing, and in an experiment the subject often is motivated by what Dr. Orne calls "the demand characteristics of the situation." In an experiment, for instance, the subject feels he has to cooperate with the experimenter for "the sake of science," and thus his behavior in trance is motivated by a desire to help the hypnotist...
...past, one of the problems has been that two experimenters doing the same thing have obtained different results. Dr. Orne feels this can be explained by the fact that the experimenter conveys to the subject by means of subtle clues in the experiment (the demand characteristics) what he expects the subject to do. Since subjects want to cooperate, they are sensitive to these cues and will perform in such a way as to confirm the experimenter's expectations...
Hypnosis can motivate subjects to perform extraordinary feats of endurance and strength, but appropriate motivation in the wake state, if properly applied, can also increase the physical capacity of the subject. In an experiment designed to test the effect of hypnosis versus that of motivation on the physical capacity, Dr. Orne had hypnotized subjects hold a kilogram weight at arm's length. They were told that their arm was resting on a table (hallucinated) and that they could feel no discomfort in it. They were asked to hold the weight as long as possible without dropping it or lowering their...
...subjects were then told, in such way as to minimize any anxiety they might have, that they would be given electric shocks. Each subject was asked to take a shock that was highly painful, but he was allowed his own level of shock, which then remained constant in the rest of the experiment.5Subject HARRIET MILLER is placed in the polygraph apparatus. This machine was used to record data for DR. RONALD E. SHOR on the physiological responses to pain while under hypnosis...