Word: subs
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...cells. Scientists had previously studied this genetic variant - found almost exclusively in Africans and their descendants - because it also conferred protection against an early form of malaria. (The malaria parasite needed the receptor to infect blood cells; without the receptor, the parasite starved and died.) More than 90% of sub-Saharan Africans lack the red-blood-cell receptor, along with two-thirds of African-Americans. But the variant that once saved its carriers from one disease now appears to make them more susceptible to another. According to the paper, people with the gene variant were 40% more likely to become...
...exactly why," Weiss says. And though the effect of this gene variant, if confirmed, could help explain a huge number of HIV infections, it still cannot come close to explaining the AIDS burden of Africa. Nearly 70% of all HIV-positive people in the world live in sub-Saharan Africa, and prevalence rates in adults in some African countries top 20%. What's more, the gene variant is most common in West Africa, but HIV-infection rates in that region remain very low compared to those in Eastern and Southern Africa, where the disease has festered longest - and where government...
...Mugabe looms large in Africa not just because he is its most notorious current tyrant. The 84-year-old is also the last of Africa's great liberation leaders - a line that began with Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah, the first sub-Saharan African to win independence for his nation in 1957, and spread across the continent to finally embrace southern Africa in the 1980s and early '90s. For many liberation leaders, the struggle continued to define them long after it was won, and this tendency to see the future in the terms of the past has led even the most...
...Fathers Michael Dyson seems to point to economic reasons for black men's leaving their children [June 30]. Yet black mothers face the same hardships and do not abandon their children at the same rates. If poverty were the reason, why do we see fathers in Gaza, Honduras and sub-Saharan Africa, some of the poorest areas in the world, staying and supporting families? Barack Obama is right: this issue is a social one with some economic underpinnings, not the other way around. Black churches need to play a strong role in re-establishing the place of fathers...
...taken advantage of, however, the consequences are plain: farmworkers in North Africa will head for Europe. Last year, as many as 1 million are believed to have left the poorer shores of the Mediterranean. (The figure includes not just those from the Maghreb, but also migrants from sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and Asia, drawn to people-trafficking routes that transit North Africa.) In some parts of the E.U., such migrants fill up to 90% of jobs in fields and packing plants, which are generally shunned by the Continent's native-born...