Word: subsoil
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...This has long rankled nationalistic Mexicans, who not only covet the foreign-held oil fields but see justification in Mexico's taking them, since a Mexican legal principle from the time when the country was a Spanish colony until 1857 held that the Government owned all subsoil rights. From 1884 until 1917, however, Mexican law gave the surface landowner the petroleum rights and it was during this period that the world's great oil companies got their wells drilled into Mexican soil...
When Mexico reverted to the old subsoil law in 1917 there was a gush of argument whether the law should be retroactive. But Ambassador Dwight Morrow in 1928 sewed up the rights of U. S. companies in an agreement with President Calles which has since been upheld by the Mexican Supreme Court. Mexico's Presidency is now occupied by New Dealing Lázaro Cárdenas. Fortnight ago, after six months of labor trouble in the oil fields which has threatened the stability of the Mexican Government, President Cárdenas disregarded the Calles-Morrow agreement, expropriated some...
...decision of the Mexican Supreme Court rendered year ago, President Lazaro Cardenas last week nationalized by decree 2,000,000 acres of oil lands held largely by foreign concerns in the States of Tabasco, Campeche, Chiapas. A sweeping decree, employing Article XXVII of the Constitution, which makes all subsoil wealth the property of the Government, turned over to the National Petroleum Administration some 100,000 acres subleased by Standard Oil Co. of California, 250,000 acres leased by the Richmond Petroleum Co. of Mexico, Standard Oil Co. of California subsidiary, and 500,000 acres leased to the French-financed Compania...
...flood times, if not artificially restricted, it spreads its waters over most of its alluvial valley. Levees make the floods higher by penning them in, and levees which are made of dirt cannot be built high enough to hold the whole flood in the river channel, for the subsoil would give way under the pressure, if not the levee itself. Hence when big floods occurred the Army planned to let the river use floodways over the lowlands, to let say 20% of the alluvial plain be submerged in order to protect the rich lands of the other...
...then, to an international chorus of "Shame! Shame!" was paid off and repudiated by the U. S. concern (TIME, Sept. 9 et seq.). Dressy Mr. Rickett's importance survived last autumn's misadventure because his safe continued to be the repository for the concession for the subsoil rights to precisely the two-thirds of Ethiopia that Benito Mussolini wants. The contract gives Rickett five years in which to implement the deal with capital...