Word: substandards
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...industry and commerce on the island is controlled by United States business concerns which enjoy tax-free status. The explanation often used to justify their tax benefits is that the businesses are helping to "develop" the island and raise its standard of living; such development, however, has not prevented substandard wages and heavy unemployment from sending more than a fourth of the population to the slums of United States cities seeking a better living. Puerto Rico remains twice as poor as the poorest state in the Union...
...establishment, in its own campaign to shore up an image, stresses the construction of public and private housing, office buildings and educational facilities. But the overwhelming fact of Newark's life, as of so many cities, is the accelerating downward slide. One of three houses is substandard. More than 15% of the population receive some sort of public assistance. Crime rates are among the nation's highest. Burned out and abandoned buildings stare from the ghetto in memoriam to the devastation of the 1967 riot. The mayoralty is thus a doubtful honor. If Hugh Addonizio wins it while...
...make up almost one-third of the population and are overwhelmingly confined to black poverty areas. According to Sociologist Pierre de Vise, research director of the city's hospital planning council, those areas have grown by 25% in the past decade. They are the loci of 220,000 substandard housing units-rotting tenements and rooming houses...
BLACK Americans pay more than whites for comparable housing, and are four times more likely to live in substandard housing. In black slums, housing density (3,071 units per sq. mi.) is almost double that of middle-class urban areas, and 100 times greater than in suburbs. The density helps spark ghetto fires; in Brooklyn's East New York area, for instance, fire alarms are increasing an average 44% a year. Density also defeats garbage disposal, litters streets with junked cars (1,437 in Detroit's Fifth Precinct in the first five months of 1969). Of all black...
...brighten the urban picture, he uses Bernard J. Frieden's data about the decline in the percentage of Negro families occupying substandard housing. But Banfield chooses not to mention Frieden's caution that, because of the increase in the black population, the number of nonwhite families in inadequate housing has increased...