Word: sudanized
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...British Commonwealth crowned its Queen in elegance that momentarily revived a great past and lifted spirits. But the vast realm over which she reigns trembled again with the ague of disintegration-the Sudan broke away, all colonial Africa throbbed with the presence or possibility of violence and shouts for independence. The Queen was Britain's Woman of the Year; Britain's Man was clearly its great, aging, political chieftain, newly knighted Sir Winston Churchill...
...unfavorable, underlay a great colonial debate that welled up among Britons last week. The focus of debate was the British protectorate of Uganda, but the real context was wider. From Cape Town to Suez, the fabric of empire is visibly disintegrating. In the north, the vast Sudan fortnight ago turned its back on Britain (TIME, Dec. 7). In the south, Boer South Africa talks of becoming a republic, and of leaving the Commonwealth. In between (see map), there is war in Kenya, unrest in Nyasaland, and in the Rhodesias a harassed attempt to build up a Central African Federation...
Dinkas & Bongos. That was at Juba, 750 miles south of Khartoum (pop. 82,700). The pattern was the same last week all over the 1,000,000 sq. mi. of desert, swamp and irrigated cotton land of the Sudan. In an area larger than the U.S. east of the Mississippi, 1,250,000 tribesmen, nine out of ten of them illiterate, were riding on bullocks or camels, trekking across dunes and marshes, to 2,000 polling booths, where the magic papers lay. Six of Sudan's eight millions are Northerners, who worship Allah but still practice female circumcision...
Hopeful Compromise. Sudan's first national election was in no sense the culmination of a people's long struggle to be free. At best it was the hopeful byproduct of a diplomats' compromise, reached between Sudan's master, Imperial Britain, and its expansion-minded neighbor, Egypt. The British annexed Sudan in 1899, after an Anglo-Egyptian army defeated Mahdi's followers at the battle of Omdurman. At first both London and Cairo shared the administration, but in 1925 the British kicked their partner out. Egyptian independence left Sudan as the northern bulwark of Britain...
...crude constituencies, establish direct voting procedures -for "sophisticated tribes" and indirect methods for the primitives. The commission arranged for the election, in three stages, of a 97-man House of Representatives and a 50-man Senate, 20 of whose members will be nominees of the British Governor General. Sudan's first Parliament will decide the nation's future...