Word: sudeten
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Dates: during 1938-1938
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This week the Czechoslovak Government is due to disclose the text of the secretly drafted Nationalities Statute which represents its reply to the demands of Adolf Hitler and the Sudeten Germans. In case this reply is deemed in'olerable by Germany, as predicted by Nazi newsorgans, it becomes automatically a specific and possible cause of war. Therefore interest centred upon secret proposals made by the Führer last week and secretly discussed by anxious statesmen in Paris while crowds light-heartedly cheered Their Majesties. To find out what had happened, the U. S. Ambassador...
Five years ago, say the Czechs, nobody was aware of the sad plight of the Sudetens. The Czech contention is that Adolf Hitler has dramatized whatever case the Sudetens have into a vast and phoney political extravaganza. But the Sudeten Germans have caught the harsh and compelling sound of the Nazi bands just over the mountains, have listened to Nazi oratory and fallen under the spell of Adolf Hitler's pan-Germanism. Ninety percent of them voted as a unit for Konrad Hen-lein's Sudetendeutsch Partei in the local elections. Nothing unites a group like a grievance...
...Sudetens, next to Poland's Ukrainians, constitute the largest national minority in Europe. The Slavs held the Sudeten region as early as the Sixth Century but in the Twelfth Germans filtered in as monks, townsmen, traders, artisans. They naturally became the manufacturers of the 19th Century Bohemian industrial revolution. Favored by the Habsburg regime, they looked down on their agricultural Czech, Slovak neighbors. In the post-War years, when the Czechs became the top-dogs they turned the national trade to their allies and friends, which dried up Sudeten markets in Austria, Hungary, gradually supplanted German capital with Czech...
...Sudetendeutsch Partei has said that it wants the Sudeten region given back to Germany. The Czechs grimly joke that if an anschluss were granted it would not be long until they were anschlussed, too. In point of fact, any dismemberment of Bohemia would be fatal to the Czechoslovakian Republic. Bohemia, seat of some 80% of the old Austro-Hungarian Empire's industries, is the industrial heart of the Republic. Effective and prosperous, it is the one island of conventional, economic well-being now in Central Europe.* Czechoslovakia is turning it over to nobody, and that is one reason...
President Benes hopes to cool the Sudeten crisis with a new minority statute. Last week in Prague, Premier Dr. Milan Hodza was conferring with Sudeten and other minority leaders. In a few weeks a new Czech minority program may be promulgated, offering the minorities more generous political and educational concessions. To remove signs of Czech dominance in the Sudeten areas, last week the bulk of the army reserves sent there five weeks ago were demobilized...