Word: suits
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...exile" for the new Algerian republic "which considers itself in a state of war with France." Egypt's Nasser quickly hailed the "blessed step," and within 24 hours, Iraq, Yemen and Libya had recognized the nation. More reluctantly, since they fear repercussions from France, Tunisia and Morocco followed suit...
...tried the new game soon noted that the exposed hand made possible much greater subtlety and ingenuity of play. In 1903 or thereabouts, bridge-playing British civil servants stationed at a remote outpost in India hit upon the idea of bidding for the privilege of naming the trump suit. Within a decade, auction bridge had captured the card tables of the U.S. and Europe...
Russian Whist. It took a long international evolution to produce modern bridge, with its beautiful balances between competition and cooperation, system and psychology. The ancestral game of whist, which still survives in English and New England villages, was bridge without bidding: the trump suit was decided on by turning up the last card dealt. Edgar Allan Poe wrote of whist: "Men of the highest order of intellect have been known to take an apparently unaccountable delight in it, while eschewing chess as frivolous." But with no bidding and no exposed hand to guide the players, the game was crude...
...already known as a highly successful tournament player, Goren published his first book, Winning Bridge Made Easy. In it he prophetically deviated from the Culbertson system. For suit bids, Goren stuck pretty much to Culbertson's elaborate "honor trick" count, but for no-trump bidding he adopted Milton Work's method of evaluating a hand with a point count: four points for an ace, three for a king, two for a queen, one for a jack. Entranced by the point count's simplicity, Goren devoted numberless hours to expanding the idea into a general bidding method...
...Goren system revolves around the fact that there are 40 high-card points in a deck. An opening suit bid requires 13 points, a bid is mandatory at 14 points, a partnership with 26 points should make game in a major suit (29 are needed in a minor suit), partners with 33 points should have a little slam, and 37 is the magic number for a grand slam...