Word: superiors
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Long, a geochemist at Michigan State University, is one of a team of scientists who spent eight days last month exploring Lake Superior in the submersible Johnson-Sea-Link II. Their voyage was the first leg of a four-week, $550,000 expedition sponsored by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration that will continue until Aug. 20. Until now researchers have seldom viewed Superior at depths below 200 ft., generally the limit to which scuba divers descend. But using the Sea-Link, they have been able to plunge right to the bottom. The deepest point...
...pair of tweezers, a biologist plucked a red spot from a stone that had been taken to the surface and placed it in a vial of water. Immediately the spot sprouted tentacles and unfolded into a hydra, a primitive invertebrate. "We were expecting that at these depths Lake Superior would be a biological desert," said Team Member John Krezoski, a biologist at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. "We're coming away dazed and astounded...
...major focus of the expedition is pollution. Although concentrations of many contaminants have been markedly reduced in the Great Lakes (Superior is the cleanest), toxic chemicals like PCB remain a problem. Researchers plan to devote 16 dives to studying the nepheloid, a cloudy, particle-laden 6-in. layer of water just above the lake floor that seems to trap, and then rerelease, pollutants. "We had thought that bottom sediments were sort of permanent sinks for contaminants attached to particles," explains Steven Eisenreich, a professor of environmental engineering at the University of Minnesota. "Now we're finding out that under certain...
...solutions for some of the Great Lakes' continuing problems. With the expedition only a third over, researchers were already counting it a success. Richard Cooper, a marine biologist at the University of Connecticut and the scientific director of the project, declares that before the last dive, "we expect Mother Superior to yield up more of her secrets. We're finding things that will rewrite the book on ecology in the Great Lakes." --By Anastasia Toufexis. Reported by J. Madeleine Nash/Marquette
...lost on the battlefield. In Viet Nam, the questionable enemy "body counts" served up by senior military leaders--many of them academy graduates--"cut right against the integrity we were taught at West Point," concedes General Palmer, a deputy commander of U.S. forces in Viet Nam. (His much criticized superior, General William Westmoreland, '36, was a cadet first captain and later superintendent of the academy.) The Viet Nam War is an awkward subject at West Point. In class, cadets are taught that the military leadership was not blameless, but most subscribe to a "stabbed in the back" theory. Says Cadet...