Word: surveys
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That finding will not, of course, reassure the most hyperthyroid of press critics. They should be more worried about an article in the Columbia Journalism Review. In it, Columbia Sociologist Herbert J. Gans analyzes the original attack on press bias, known as the Rothman-Lichters survey, and finds that it was biased in ways that "depart from scientific practice." Journalists were shown a set of statements--some of them admittedly oversimplified--and asked if they agreed or disagreed. Their responses to individual statements not of their own phrasing were then, says Gans, treated "as strongly felt opinions...
After an unforgettable pasting from Ronald Reagan in 1984, the Democratic National Committee launched a survey called "Democrats Listening to America" to find out what the voters wanted. One answer came as a rude surprise. "Fairness," a favorite party theme in the 1982 and 1984 elections, was a turnoff to most of the 5,500 voters polled, 90% of whom identified themselves as middle class. "They see it as a code word meaning giveaway," said Frank O'Brien, a fund raiser for the D.N.C. "To them, fairness means not me but some other...
...Guttmacher statistics show that the incidence of sexual intercourse among unmarried teenage women increased by two-thirds during the 1970s. Moreover, the sexual revolution seems to have moved from the college campus to the high school and now into the junior high and grade school.[*] A 1982 survey conducted by Johns Hopkins Researchers John Kantner and Melvin Zelnick found that nearly one out of five 15-year-old girls admitted that she had already had intercourse, as did nearly a third of 16-year-olds and 43% of 17-year-olds. "In the eyes of their peers, it is important...
Social workers are almost unanimous in citing the influence of the popular media--television, rock music, videos, movies--in propelling the trend toward precocious sexuality. One survey has shown that in the course of a year the average viewer sees more than 9,000 scenes of suggested sexual intercourse or innuendo on prime-time TV. "Our young people are barraged by the message that to be sophisticated they must be sexually hip," says Williams. "They don't even buy toothpaste to clean their teeth. They buy it to be sexually attractive...
...teenage girls are awash in misinformation. Among the commonest myths: that they could not become pregnant the first time they had sex, if they had it only occasionally or if they had it standing up. Adolescents are especially foggy on the subject of contraception. A National Opinion Research Center survey of teenage mothers found that few were familiar with the IUD, and most, says Researcher Pat Mosena, "didn't even know what the diaphragm was." Mistaken notions about the health risks of the birth control pill are rampant. All this may help explain why, according to John Hopkins researchers, only...