Word: swapo
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Dates: during 1976-1976
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NAMIBIA. This was the easier one-the bottom-line issue that alone made the meeting worthwhile. South Africa had already agreed to Namibian independence by Dec. 31,1978, under a multiracial government. Vorster still refused to deal directly with the South West African People's Organization (SWAPO), Namibia's main liberation (and guerrilla) movement. But he hinted that SWAPO could be invited to the round-table conference-now under way at Windhoek, the Namibian capital -by conference delegates. He also indicated that South Africa might be willing to move Namibia's independence date forward...
...Kissinger rightly called the decision "a major breakthrough" because "the principle of independence has now been accepted." Black African states were still not satisfied, however, because of the two-year delay, the lack of U.N.-supervised free elections, and because the South West African Peoples' Organization (SWAPO), the territory's most powerful political organization, was not represented at the Windhoek conference. Kissinger obviously believed Vorster could be persuaded to make further concessions. Indeed, Pretoria hinted last week that Vorster might be ready to let the U.N. monitor preindependence elections and would drop his opposition to allowing SWAPO...
...headquarters in Zambia, from which his organization wages a guerrilla war in northern Namibia, SWAPO President Sam Nujoma announced that he might be willing to talk. The non-whites at the Windhoek conference now hope to install an interim government by next June 30 and will invite SWAPO to take part...
...constitution, organize elections and oversee the transfer of power. The non-white majority at the conference had pressed for independence by next June 30, but in the end agreed to wait an extra 18 months in return for the kind of one-man, one-vote system it wanted. SWAPO predictably denounced the agreement, but from now on it will have to fight a government that is working toward multiracial, apartheid-free independence...
...Namibia's Atlantic coastline, which South Africa has held as a separate entity since 1910. Small wonder, then, that the new Namibian government is expected to sign a security agreement allowing South African troops to be based on Namibian soil. The troops will defend the new government against SWAPO guerrilla raids. More important from South Africa's viewpoint, they will preserve Namibia's status as a buffer to the north...