Word: synchrotrons
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Energy Bonus. For their new machine, CERN's planners adopted an ingenious strategy. After being accelerated in the usual way in CERN's 28-BeV synchrotron, protons are deflected with powerful magnets into two large concentric rings. Particles are sent alternately in clockwise and counterclockwise directions in the interlaced vacuum tunnels (see diagram, previous page). The result is two opposing beams of protons, each packing a wallop of 28 BeV, which can meet nearly head-on at eight different points where the rings intersect. In those collisions between protons, both particles can be made to come virtually...
...high-voltage field, they are pushed by powerful pulses of high-frequency radio waves through a relatively short (500 ft.) linear accelerator. In the process, their energy is boosted to 200 million electron volts. Next, the protons are speeded through a 500-ft.-diameter doughnut-shaped device called a synchrotron booster, in which synchronized surges of power increase the energy of the protons to 8 billion electron volts. Then, in the vacuum tube of the big ring, the protons are accelerated by similarly synchronized pulses of such high energy that when they smash into the target areas, they will...
Breeder Reactor. One casualty is the Princeton-Pennsylvania proton synchrotron on the Princeton campus, which is used for basic particle research by 14 universities. From a recent budget of $5,000,000 annually, the synchrotron funds have now been cut to $3.5 million, and will be down to $2,000,000 next year. Beyond that the Atomic Energy Commission is cutting off funds completely-after a total investment of $30 million on a project that, according to Director Milton White, has not yet had a chance to reach its peak efficiency. Another important tool for probing the secrets...
...revealing glimpses of the subatomic world by their reactions with atomic nuclei. SLAC has also been designed for the eventual addition of another 715 klystrons, which would increase its energy level to 40 BEV, exceeding even the output of Brookhaven National Laboratory's 33 BEV proton-accelerating synchrotron, currently the world's most powerful accelerator...
This was just what Columbia's Dr. Paolo Franzini had in mind when he went to work with Brookhaven's synchrotron in January 1965. Along with his wife, Dr. Juliet Lee-Franzini, Drs. Charles Baltay and Lawrence Kirsch, he fired particles called pi mesons into a bubble chamber filled with liquid deuterium. About one-thirtieth of the times that a pi meson hit a deuterium nucleus, out came the eta meson, which decays into three pions. The pions streaked through the bubble chamber, the positive leaving a line that curved to the right, the negative peeling...