Word: system
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...automatic mechanism set Lunik to spinning again, so that sunlight during its journey would not scorch one side while the other side froze and upset the delicate mechanism inside. Then, having gone around the moon, Lunik swung back toward the earth, began to transmit the pictures. A slow system was used when Lunik was still at a great distance from the earth, a faster system when it came nearer and its signals were easier to receive. The transmission was done by a sort of TV camera that scanned the pictures electronically, line by line, and translated their varying shades...
...subcommittee recessed until next month after hearing Dr. Frank Stanton, president of the Columbia Broadcasting System, say there is always the danger of connivance in high-stake quiz shows...
...system of faculty reports takes the place of a conventional grading system. These reports--they vary from a paragraph to a page in each course--are sent to the students twice a year but not to the parents. Slightly less detailed reports are sent to the graduate schools to which some of the girls eventually go. The principal virtue of excluding grades is that the students tend to equate success with the accumulation of ideas rather than with the accumulation of good reports...
Sarah Lawrence students take only three courses which, with rare exception, meet only once a week. In addition there is a weekly half-hour conference with each instructor, similar in may respects to Harvard's individual tutorial system. In this way, the instructor can be expected to learn and fill the requirements of each student, giving in effect a different course to each conferee. As with Harvard tutorial, examinations are rare and most faculty members conscientiously avoid them. Term papers, traditionally referred to as "contracts," are expected of each student...
...system has its dangers. A student never learns by the convenient signpost of grades just where she stands, and a complaint heard often is that, "I never really know how I'm doing." Also, as one member of the administration pointed out, "At any other school, an A ends matters; here without marks you can't win." If a girl responds correctly to these discomforts, the results can be very gratifying, for the quest for knowledge will outlast the final session of the course. There is a risk, however, that the student will lose her way without the tangible incentive...