Word: systemic
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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This pronounced and consistent increase in the number of outstanding scholars in each graduating class is the hope and joy of the tutorial system as conducted at Harvard. The present incentive to attain Honors and Distinction is undoubtedly responsible for the increase in likely candidates for Phi Beta Kappa. Wheather it is the familiar watch chain symbol or the magic, "cum," "magna" or "summa," which attracts undergraduates to excel in such a secondary commodity as book learning is not important. The results are the same, and the urge inspired by the same ideals. At any rate Phi Beta Kappa finds...
...intercollegiate examination is simply the difference between two distinct attitudes toward the purpose of the last two years of college. At Harvard more emphasis is put upon a thorough comprehensive knowledge of one's main field of study, with other field occupying an ancillary position. The Harvard system devotes two years to an intensive study of a selected field in the belief that the-finest education is obtained by that man who at the end of four years has a detailed knowledge of one extensive field and a broad conception of its place in the whole range of study...
...because they are regarded by the college as already possessing the background essential before specialization can be undertaken, successfully. But the requirements for a major are so slight that the average man can scarcely be said to have a main field of study on which he focuses. The Yale system rests on the premise that for the average undergraduate specialization in college narrows him unduly, and prevents him from attaining a broad cultural background. It is the purpose of a college such as Yale to utilize the four years in presenting a great variety of courses from which the average...
...improvements suggested by experimental educators, none seems more horrible than the system devised by Mr. Holt, President of Rollins College in Florida, and described by him in the Yale News. In his charge that the present system is deplorable because "it quizzes the student instead of the professor, and makes the faculty mere receptacle." President Holt may be justified. But it's tenitive is a bolus hard to ewallow. At Rollins the student has an eight hour working day, and Is made to live up to it." In four two-hour periods under the galdance of an instructor he studies...
...neglect of work; it changes the professor from a quizzer to a guide; it removes the threat of periodic examinations and of the cramming that anticipates them; and for the old lock-step education it substitutes individual freedom of movement. Although President Holt in criticizing the recitation and lecture system of Yale and Harvard is brave and heralded in combatting the present movement toward complete freedom in study, his retrogression toward the grammar school is quite unacceptable. The virtue of final examination is at present a subject of persistent editorial inquiry by the Yale News, and its conclusions bear...