Word: systemic
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...There is really nothing wrong with any of that if it does not cost the Treasury any money, but apparently it has. Leases with oil companies which pay royalties to the U.S. government may have been affected. The total amount of money that comes in from the Mineral Management System each year is about $11 billion. If the sex addicts are thrown out of the service, it could be worth a few billion more. And, if Congress and the Administration would do everything that they can to give oil companies permits for off-shore drilling in areas which have recently...
...rescue of AIG is warping the banking system and unnecessarily extending the credit crisis. This misguided effort stems from a lack of transparency and some basic misconceptions about AIG's business. (Read "Obama's Challenge: Containing the AIG Bonus Outrage...
...human immune system does not mount an attack against a single target on HIV. Instead, the body deploys many dozens of antibodies - the researchers cloned 502 antibodies from the six patients - and together they attack many different virus targets. Individually, each antibody may have little effect, but as a group - or even in lab-created packages of 20 to 50 antibodies - they seem to confer some protection against disease progression. "It's the first time that anybody's really looked at what the antibody response is," says senior investigator Michel Nussenzweig, head of the Rockefeller University's Laboratory of Molecular...
...sounds simple. But this reverse-engineering approach, finding inspiration for new vaccines by studying HIV immunity in nature, would have been impossible back in 1984 - or, indeed, until just a few years ago. Too little was known about the virus's structure or about the human immune system in general. One recent necessary breakthrough, Nussenzweig says, was finding a way to identify the blood cells that create HIV-specific antibodies. It was only after those cells could be separated from the bloodstream that scientists like Nussenzweig and Johannes Scheid, the first author on the Nature paper, could begin to study...
...fact, the search for an AIDS vaccine has been thwarted over and over by the tricky, unexpected nature of HIV, whose behavior is only now coming to be understood. The human immune system does not appear to develop an effective response to HIV simply by being exposed to a virus surface protein or two - an approach that has worked for many other vaccines in the past. A hepatitis B shot, for example, contains rearranged, nonpathogenic bits of the virus that causes the liver disease. The body produces antibodies in response to the vaccine, conferring immunity to the live virus...