Word: systemics
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...republic-currently Charles Helou-should always be a Maronite Catholic, the Premier a Sunnite Moslem, and the Speaker of Parliament a Shia Moslem. Parliament is apportioned on a 6-to-5 ratio favoring Christians, as are the army and the civil service. From time to time, the system has come close to collapse. Until last week, its severest test occurred in 1958, when strife between the sects led President Eisenhower to dispatch the U.S. Sixth Fleet and 14,500 Marines to prevent an Arab takeover...
Western experts in Moscow cannot remember ever having seen such an inflammatory document. Most protests in the Soviet Union carefully stress the need for reform within the Communist system. Furthermore, unlike other appeals that have borne the signatures of individuals, the Tallin document is signed by an organization that calls itself the Democrats of the Russian Federation, the Ukraine and Baltic Republics. The unusual nature of the document has, in fact, caused some suspicion that it may have been written by an anti-Communist group in Western Europe and then seized upon by the KGB as a pretext for cracking...
...that protracted litigation loses its attractiveness as a tactic for delaying desegregation." By contrast, Leonard urged the Justices to affirm a lower-court order that gives the school boards until Dec. 1 to submit new desegregation plans-but sets no deadline for implementation. "Disestablishment of a dual school system is often a somewhat complicated process," said Leonard. Although the process was supposed to begin in 1954, he insisted: "it is simply unreal to talk about instantaneous integration...
...under the old lady's property. But she will not be moved, and she wins the aid of some colorful companions-a ragpicker (Danny Kaye), a waitress (Nanette Newman) and a young student activist (Richard Chamberlain). In the end, she overcomes, imprisoning the villains in the Parisian sewer system and striking a blow for liberty...
Mythology thus provocatively serves as the source of the first of Berle's five rules of power: that order is always challenged by disorder. The second rule is that power is exercised only by individuals, not groups. Third and fourth: power always carries with it a "system of ideas," and always employs institutions to do its work. Lastly, says Berle, power always acts in a "field of responsibility" requiring a constant dialogue between the rulers and the ruled. An early example was Job's chat with God, which forced Omnipotence to acknowledge that reason has certain rights...