Word: systemization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...they decided, it might be more practical to stabilize the image by bending light beams from the target so that they would always hit the camera film or the retina of the viewer's eye at the same point. Using this concept, the Pennsylvania company developed a portable system that weighs only a few pounds. Mounted like a collar around the lens of a camera or other optical instrument, it steadies the image more effectively than stabilization platforms...
Tiny Gyroscopes. The key part of the "Dynalens" system is an adjustable prism that is placed in front of the lens. It consists of two circular glass disks, one at each end of a short cylinder formed by a flexible bellows. The inside of the cylinder is filled with a clear liquid, usually alcohol. By tilting one or both of the glass plates, the cylinder can be made wedge-shaped, like a prism. Light beams entering the glass plate at one end of the prism are thus bent and emerge from the other plate at a different angle...
Telescopic Shots. The advantages of the Dynalens system have not been lost on Hollywood studios, which are already using it for filming aerial telescopic shots. TV networks are also equipping their mobile units with the device. And the armed forces are not only using the system for photography and surveillance but are also experimenting with Dynalens-equipped gun sights that remain fixed on their target and keep gun barrels pointed in the right direction, despite any movement of the platform itself...
...lubricating effect of long-chain polymers is also being studied in the U.S. In Dallas and Cleveland, the chemicals have been injected into sewer lines to speed the flow of wastes and thus increase the capacity of the disposal system. Dallas has reported a 2.5-fold increase in flow through a test line. California's TRW Systems has received a Navy contract to investigate the possibility of using long-chain polymers to make torpedoes run faster...
With becoming modesty, the study acknowledges that such measurements are crude and tentative. The social sciences are still new disciplines with expanding boundaries. According to Social Psychologist Raymond Bauer of Harvard, "Our hang-up is that we don't have a model for the social system anywhere as precise as what the economists have for the economic system." Nor do the social scientists have a measurement for social values akin to the dollar, although one possible theoretical unit is called the "utile," used by economists to weigh the price people would pay to avoid the sonic boom...