Word: t4
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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When the AIDS virus was discovered in 1984, AIDS seemed like a routine type of disease. HIV attacks a group of white blood cells, called CD4 or T4 cells, which are an essential part of the body's immune system. AIDS was thought to be direct result of this infection...
...researchers discovered that far too few T4 cells seemed to be infected. From that finding, the central mystery of AIDS was redefined--how could so few viruses be killing all of the white blood cells...
Each team administered the drugs to HIV patients with low T4 cell counts, causing a significant decrease in virus population. The drugs used by the researchers inhibit reverse transcriptase or protease, two enzymes essential to virus reproduction...