Word: tambo
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Mandela's talent for leadership traces back to his tribal heritage as the son of a royal family of the Thembu tribe of the Xhosa people. After earning a law degree from the University of the Witwatersrand, he joined the A.N.C. With classmate Oliver Tambo, he set up the first black law practice in South Africa in 1952. Defiantly working from a whites-only downtown neighborhood, they specialized in representing blacks who failed to carry the passes that were required of blacks in white neighborhoods...
Mandela and Tambo helped form the Youth League in 1944, and three years later drew up a program of action calling for strikes, boycotts and acts of civil disobedience. In 1955 they supported the Freedom Charter, an economic credo many considered to be socialist. But Mandela abandoned peaceful methods after the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960, in which police killed 69 black protesters. When Tambo left to establish a headquarters in exile, Mandela stayed behind to set up the A.N.C.'s underground military wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (Spear of the Nation) and launch a campaign of sabotage. After 17 months...
...were pleased by the exchange. Many were similarly disgruntled over the July meeting with Botha, an encounter of less import, considering that Botha was a lame duck. Some A.N.C. members seem to object to Mandela's taking a supreme role in the organization, officially headed by the ailing Oliver Tambo, 72. Still, none suggested that Mandela had compromised the A.N.C. goal of one-man, one-vote black majority rule, although younger militants are afraid that he has grown too soft and too accommodating. The group officially opposes talks with the government until several preconditions are met, including...
Another roar came when prominent activist Murphy Morobe read a letter of greeting from Oliver Tambo, the exiled president of the ANC, who may not legally be quoted in South Africa...
...looking to change its fortunes. In collaboration with the new domestic antiapartheid coalition, called the Mass Democratic Movement, it has issued a proposal for peace talks with Pretoria. "The question of a negotiated settlement," said Thabo Mbeki, 47, the heir apparent to the A.N.C.'s ailing President Oliver Tambo, 71, "is very much on the agenda...