Word: taney
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...cool look of this week's Visions package belongs to deputy art director Cynthia Hoffman, with the invaluable assistance of Jennifer Taney, and the picture department's MaryAnne Golon and Jay Colton...
EAGER TO FIGHT the "enemy in the rear," Abraham Lincoln took drastic steps to squelch opposition within the Union during the Civil War. Without consulting Congress, and over the objections of Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, the president in 1861 suspended the right of habeas corpus in parts of the country. Law enforcement officials jailed without due process those suspected of having Confederate sympathies. Lincoln expanded his edict in 1862, and then, with congressional authorization, applied it to the entire Union the following year. By the war's end, the government had imprisoned 13,000 Americans under the president...
...legal confrontation. In his opinion, Marshall inveighed against "the baneful influence of . . . narrow construction on all the operations of the government." Despite these heavy wounds, both strict construction and original intent have been summoned up again and again by judicial advocates who have found them useful. Chief Justice Roger Taney, a sometime slaveholder, invoked both when, in 1857, he handed down the decision denying the freedom sought by the slave Dred Scott. Neither slaves nor their descendants, said Taney, were "intended to be included, under the word 'citizens' in the Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the rights...
While such a heavy concentration of venerability on one court is unusual, 34 of the 102 Justices have continued past their 75th birthdays, including such luminaries as John Marshall, Roger Taney, Oliver Wendell Holmes and Louis < Brandeis. John Harlan, who retired in 1971 at the age of 72, became nearly blind at the end of his tenure, but "those last five years made him one of the greatest Justices in history," says Stanford Constitutional Scholar Gerald Gunther. On the other hand, Harlan's longtime colleague and adversary Hugo Black, who did not retire until just before his death...
...struggled to hold the nation together, President Lincoln introduced preventive detention and military justice for thousands who opposed the war, including hundreds arrested in the bloody Draft Riots in New York City and elsewhere. This amounted to an imposition of martial law. In a landmark judgment, Chief Justice Roger Taney threw out the case of one John Merryman, a Southern sympathizer who had been convicted of treason by a military court. Merryman appealed to Justice Taney, who found that Lincoln had sought to suspend habeas corpus when it was "perfectly clear under the Constitution that he had no such power...