Word: tarred
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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Anthraquinone, raw material for many textile dyes, made cheaply by using furfural as a solvent and by direct oxidation in the presence of a catalyst. Coal tar products multiplied without cease...
...Thomas S. Baker of Carnegie Institute of Technology. The coal business, particularly the bituminous part, has long had trouble making money. Despite great reserves of mined coal, competition from gas, oil and waterpower have kept prices low. The producers have become aggressively intent on selling coal derivatives-pulverized coal, tar, fuel oil, gasoline, gas, dyes, perfumes, drugs, alcohol, etc., etc. How to get those products, scientists already know much; how to utilize that knowledge, coal men know very little...
...less flattering version comes from the Maryland troopers who are said to have disdanifully remarked that only tar on the heels of the Carolina warriors could keep them on the field of battle...
Scientists in some cases have been able to offset such monopolies by substitutes?nitrates from atmospheric nitrogen, rubber from carbohydrates, camphor from coal tar, coffee (Postum) from barley and wheats. There are no substitutes for potash or iodine. Yet chemists are already getting a little potash from the U. S. low-grade deposits along the Mexican border, iodine from seaweed and kelp...
...From coking, a ton of coal gives 12 gals, of gummy coal tar. From coal tar, chemists have fractioned off more than 300 intermediates (esters, ethers, alcohols, etc.), from these intermediates about 200,000 coal tar products (dyes, perfumes, flavors, medicines, resins). William Perkin, London chemist, made the first coal tar dye (Perkin violet) in 1856, by accident...