Word: teams
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Dates: during 2010-2019
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Gewirtz's team, including researchers at Emory, Cornell University and the University of Colorado at Boulder, became intrigued by the relationship between gut bugs and weight when they noticed that lab mice lacking a certain protein had more of the bugs than other animals and were about 15% heavier. These mice also had a higher level of inflammation, which the authors explain in their paper published online Thursday in Science Express is what may account for the extra weight. Inflammatory signaling can promote a condition called metabolic syndrome, which causes weight gain, high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels...
...finding was confirmed when the team transferred the bacterial gut population from TLR5-deficient mice into animals that were specially bred to have no immune system, making them incapable of rejecting foreign cells and bacteria. When these animals received the teeming gut world of the TLR5-deficient mice, they too began eating more and developed the same metabolic-syndrome symptoms that their donors had. In other words, the obesity profile of the heavier mice had been transferred to normal mice. "So, applying the logic to humans," says Gewirtz, "we know that to gain weight and become obese, [it] requires...
...team of Harvard evolutionary biologists and applied mathematicians led by Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Professor Arkhat Abzhanov published a study which reveals how variation in certain genes translates into observable phenotypic differences in the beaks of Darwin’s finches...
...team found that the link between genotype and phenotype—as it relates to beak shape—is much simpler than previously thought, with beak length, depth, and width each controlled by a single gene...
Using a number of different analytical techniques, the team sorted 14 seemingly disparate beak shapes into three broader categories...