Word: testes
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...week in missilery. On Johnston Island, 700 miles southwest of Hawaii, one morning the sky blossomed red when the Army's reliable Redstone took a nuclear warhead up an estimated 100 miles and exploded it in the thin air on space's edge-a high-altitude test, say intelligence reports, that came ten months behind a similar U.S.S.R. shot in the crucial race for the anti-bomber and antimissile missile (see SCIENCE). Next day Air Force missilemen at Cape Canaveral, Fla. sent their mightiest beast, a 100-ton three-engined Atlas-B ballistic missile, on its first successful...
...Atlas attempt last month had ended in an ignominious mid-air explosion two minutes after launch. No such trouble dogged last week's test. With the loudest bull bellow the cape has heard yet, the Atlas rose from its pad on 360,000 Ibs. of thrust (150,000 each from the two out board booster engines, 60,000 from the central sustainer). Hitting mach 10 just 132 seconds up, the boosters abruptly shut off and dropped away with their skirts. The central sustaining engine roared another 120 seconds or so, shoved the missile to its apogee 400 miles...
Moving spirit behind the test was Dr. Hilary Koprowski of Philadelphia's Wistar Institute. To combat epidemics of paralytic polio in the Belgian Congo, he got World Health Organization backing and Congo government funds, arranged a mass trial. Wistar Institute brewed big batches of two strains of polio virus: Chat (named from the initials of the child from whom it was taken), belonging to Type 1, and Fox III (named for a doctor who isolated it from a child victim), belonging to Type 3. Both strains were attenuated, i.e., they were grown in different media (including mice) until they...
...gave the Chat strain in capsules to 1,978 schoolchildren, found that none got sick, and all but two developed good antibody protection. It was exactly the same later with Fox III -all but two of the children responded well. The researchers were ready for a truly big-scale test...
...nuclear weapon over Johnston Island, 700 miles from Honolulu. Unquestionably, it was the highest ever exploded by the U.S. To be seen direct in Honolulu, it must have occurred many miles above the earth, and estimates put it as high as 100 miles. The AEC announced only: "the test detonation of a nuclear warhead missile." Speculation was that the warhead had been hurled aloft by the Army's Redstone missile, providing Hawaii with a preview of what the explosion will look like when an anti-missile attacks an invading missile...