Word: testings
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Probably no man has done more to save lives threatened by cancer than Greek-born Dr. George N. Papanicolaou. 76, of Cornell University Medical College, who devised a test for cancer of the uterus and cervix by smearing mucous secretion on a glass slide and examining the stained cells under a microscope. The "Pap smear" is nc' done routinely in hundreds of U.S. laboratories, for an estimated total of 3.000,000 tests a year-most of them for healthy women wisely having regular examinations. Vast ingenuity has gone into extensions of the Pap test: aerosols to make a smoker...
Attempts to devise a blood test for cancer (other than "blood cancers" such as leukemia) have been unrewarding, though Sloan-Kettering now has high hopes based on high levels of a substance called cytolipin H in cancer victims' blood. But even if such a test was reliable, it would not tell the cancer's location. Physicians still rely mainly on traditional diagnostic methods: physical examination, visual inspection of accessible sites with such aids as the proctoscope and bronchoscope, Pap smears and X rays...
Some 40,000 compounds got preliminary testing last year, with about one in 1,000 showing enough promise to be worth more trials in man, and the rate is expected soon to hit 60,000 a year. First test for every compound involves at least 18 mice, and the consumption of mice is enormous-more than 2,000,000 last year. All must be of pure, inbred strains. One of Rod Heller's worries is that the supply of these precious mice may not keep pace with the demand...
Perhaps the armies of mice and men could be better employed, because the screening tests now used are admittedly crude and unreliable. Not surprisingly, some chemicals that looked good in mice have failed in man, and a couple that missed in the mouse test show promise in man. But better screening methods are being sought, and some researchers believe that they have already found them...
...people who know what is going to happen to forward model cars. The opportunities to pick up valuable trade secrets are enormous." The Dearborn (Mich.) Inn has received an unusually large amount of income for its top-floor rooms; the inn just happens to overlook the Ford test track in Dearborn. One automan, who confessed to the Harvard men that he had gone "too far," telephoned the top office of a competitor, got information on a new model by realistically presenting himself as a fellow employee...