Word: tetraethyl
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...American Chemical Society's highest honor, the Priestley Medal, awarded triennially, was given to Thomas Midgley Jr. of Worthington, Ohio. After testing 15,000 compounds, Midgley discovered in 1922 that tetraethyl lead in gasoline permits higher compression, higher speed engines. Now vice president of Ethyl Gasoline Corp., he is credited with over 100 patents, including many for air-conditioning refrigerants. In wheel chair and stretcher, Midgley attended last week's meeting, for in September he was stricken with infantile paralysis. But like his close friend, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, he is conquering his handicap, still works hard as ever...
General Motors and Standard Oil of New Jersey jointly control Ethyl Gasoline Corp. Ethyl Gas owns patents on a fluid-chief components are tetraethyl lead and ethylene dibromide-which reduces knocking in automobiles...
...layman's eye, Ethyl Gasoline Corp. is pretty nearly an ideal business.*About 70% of all gasoline consumed in the U. S. is Ethyl-treated. The company does not make tetraethyl lead (Du Pont does); doesn't extract bromine from sea water for ethylene dibromide (Dow Chemical Co. does); does not make gasoline nor sell it (123 refiners, 11,000 jobbers...
When Dr. Calingaert mixed two antiknock fuel ingredients, tetraethyl lead and diethyldimethyl lead, and gave them a catalytic nudge, atoms came loose from the molecules and formed new compounds at random-in quantities predictable by the laws of chance. For this reason, popularized versions of the Calingaert research referred to it as a chemical "dice game" or "poker game." Actually, since he deals with trillions of molecules in one operation, the chemist always knows what sort of hand he will draw...
Offered for licensing by Houdry Process Corp., the new process may revolutionize refining. At present only Sun and Socony-Vacuum are using it, and they mix the result with ordinary gas to improve the octane rating. If Houdry refining becomes general, it may: 1) reduce the need for the tetraethyl lead which now makes most gasoline satisfactory in modern high-compression engines; 2) conserve U. S. oil reserves by yielding more gasoline per barrel of crude; 3) help stabilize prices by stabilizing stocks, now badly unbalanced because gasoline and fuel oil must be produced simultaneously though one is most used...