Word: theologian
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Presence in the Heart. Such challenging of accepted doctrine is not done by a handful of youthful Christian rebels but by mature and sober thinkers with considerable reputations outside their own country. Many Dutch theologians intimate that the perpetual virginity of Christ's mother may be a myth. "It is more modern," says one, "to believe that Christ was the son of Mary and Joseph." Dominican Theologian Edward Schillebeeckx, 52, a peritus (expert) at the Second Vatican Council, proposes that the Resurrection of Jesus may not have been the physical recomposition of his body but a unique kind...
Boar v. Bull. Within a short time the German Dominicans denounced Luther to Rome as a man guilty of preaching "dangerous doctrines." A Vatican theologian issued a series of counter-theses, arguing that anyone who criticized indulgences was guilty of heresy. Initially willing to accept a final verdict from Rome, Luther began to insist on Scriptural proof that he was wrong-and even questioned papal authority over purgatory. During an 18-day debate in 1519 with Theologian John Eck at Leipzig, Luther blurted out: "A council may sometimes err. Neither the church nor the Pope can establish articles of faith...
...truth at the expense of unity-but the truths he stood for are essential to the Christian church: the primacy of faith and God's word, the necessity of an ecclesia semper refor-manda (ever-reforming church), and the centrality of Jesus Christ. The Lutheran heritage, sums up Theologian Joseph Sittler of the University of Chicago Divinity School, is "a tradition of profound, relentless, critical Biblical studies, a theological reflection of truly catholic scope, a type of piety nurtured by liturgical continuity with the old Catholic tradition...
...charge is that in much of Protestantism -including many of the churches that bear Luther's name-his central insight into the primacy of faith has been lost in a bog of building campaigns, service agencies, relief programs and other church-instigated "good works." American Christianity, charges Lutheran Theologian Martin Marty, has fallen back on precisely the kind of spiritual error that the Reformation was designed to combat. The typical parishioner, adds Marty's colleague at the University of Chicago, Theologian Brian Gerrish, feels that he has "done something that puts God in his debt if he puts...
...situation of the churches no longer needs to create a new spiritual community. Says Father Dino Bellucci of Rome's Gregorian University: "Today, it is possible for a man to leave the organized church and try to remain a Christian outside organized Christianity"-the path chosen by English Theologian Charles Davis when he recently left Catholicism (TIME...