Word: thiamin
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Dates: during 1938-1938
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...years later, Dr. (Sc. D.) Williams, chemical director of the Bell Telephone Laboratories, has succeeded in synthesizing the curative substance, which is now called vitamin B2.* Upon advice of the American Medical Association, he re-named the vitamin thiamin because it contains sulfur (Greek theion). The American Chemical Society this spring awarded Dr. Williams its Willard Gibbs (highest) Medal. Science has just published a detailed article by him. "The Chemistry and Biological Significance of Thiamin." And next week Macmillan's will publish Vitamin B1 and its Use in Medicine ($5), which he wrote with Dr. Tom Douglas Spies...
...movements of a pigeon deprived of thiamin "consist in turning cart wheels and aimless floppings as if freshly decapitated." A human being, similarly starved of this nutritional necessity, may die of sudden heart failure. Less spectacular effects of B2 deficiency are, according to investigators, degeneration of the nervous system, enlargement of the heart, atrophy of muscles, loss of appetite, atony of the colon, stomach ulcers, loss of weight, failure to grow...
...nature thiamin appears abundantly in egg yolks, lean pork, crude molasses, peas and peanuts. It is found most abundantly in the germs of ripe grain. Millers discard such "hearts of wheat" to make white flour, causing Dr. Williams to cry: "Man commits a crime against nature when he eats the starch from the seed and throws away the mechanism necessary for the metabolism of that starch...
...quarter century Dr. Robert Runnels Williams of Bell Telephone Laboratories labored to extract the mysterious "vitamin" from rice coatings, finally squeezed 1/6 oz. from a ton of raw material. Later Vitamin B 1 , as it is now called, was synthesized. The synthetic vitamin is also known as thiamin chloride...