Word: tobacco
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...native Virginian, Jefferson, 33, shares with other wealthy tobacco planters a love of good food, good wine and fast horses. Unlike most of his neighbors in the Piedmont or Tidewater, however, Jefferson has been a lifelong student of natural philosophy and the arts, a man who reads easily in Greek, Latin, French and Italian, and who, when he can, still practices three hours a day on the violin...
...Britain's leaders tried to make America serve as the Empire's farm, forest and mine, while Britain was to be its factory, financier and protector. Parliament's decrees that certain American exports could be shipped only to or through Britain cut into the profit on such products as tobacco, America's No. 1 export (102 million pounds last year). When colonial hat and wool manufacturers started to compete with English factories, Parliament likewise restricted American hat and cloth manufacturing. "The erection of manufactories in the Colonies tends to lessen their dependence on Great Britain," reads a House of Commons...
...exports only tripled, to £1.3 million. The actual trade deficit with England was running at an annual rate of £1.6 million in the first half of this decade. And the American dependence was real enough, with Britain and its West Indian colonies taking most of colonial exports?tobacco, flour, fish, rice, indigo, in that order?and providing most of the Colonies' imports, mostly textiles, manufactured products and utensils from Britain, salt, sugar and molasses for rum making from the West Indies...
...that more sheep will be available for the infant wool industry ?textiles having suffered from the most stringent British prohibitions. A year ago, there were no fulling mills for woolen cloth in New Jersey; now there are 41. The Virginia Convention resolved to turn "from the cultivation of tobacco to the cultivation of such articles as may form a basis for domestic manufactures, which we will endeavour to encourage to the utmost of our abilities...
...both nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis, the processes by which plants produce the proteins necessary for growth. One researcher has already succeeded in showing that plant engineering may some day be practicable. In 1972 Peter Carlson of Brookhaven National Laboratory managed to unite the cells of two species of tobacco and produce a new plant. Carlson, now at Michigan State University, is currently trying to improve food crops such as corn and sorghum. Other researchers are working to produce plants that have greater resistance to cold, an achievement that could expand both growing seasons and areas where crops can be planted...