Word: togliatti
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...years before. That was when Tito was a Comintern agent traveling under the name of Walter, and Pedro and Serov were top Russian secret police operators. In that office, Serov, Pedro and Walter (and other Communist notables, including France's Andre Marty and Italy's Palmiro Togliatti) shared a common assignment: the liquidation of all left elements in the Spanish Republican forces that were not completely subservient to Stalin...
Italy's gilded Communist press, which rode high and mighty a few years ago, was forced to bring out a beggar's tin cup last week. At the start of the Reds' annual Press Month, Party Chieftain Palmiro Togliatti and his lieutenants pleaded anxiously for every reader to contribute generously. Their purpose: "to save the party press." But at the first rallies few Communists and even fewer readers seemed to be listening. The contribution boxes came back only half full. Complained L'Unita, Italy's biggest (est. circ. 390,000) Red daily: "Subscriptions began slowly...
Moscow's long silence had been desperately hard on Western Communist leaders who, unlike their Russian masters, cannot rely on police terror and a controlled press to maintain discipline among the rank and file. Left to their own devices, men like Italy's Palmiro Togliatti, leader of the biggest Communist Party (2,130,000 members) outside the Iron Curtain, had begun to make their own explanations, and to talk recklessly of "polycentrism," i.e., independent policies for each of the world's Communist parties. Togliatti echoed publicly the unsatisfied questions of his own disillusioned followers: How could...
Making Explanations. What Togliatti demanded was a "Marxist" explanation of Stalinism, i.e., an explanation of particular events in terms of vast, impersonal historic forces. One such explanation-and the obvious one-for Stalin's rise to arbitrary power is the absence of checks and balances in the Communist system. Unable to concede this, Moscow's Central Committee offered an explanation which explained nothing: "The development of the personality cult was to an enormous extent contributed to by some individual traits of J. V. Stalin...
Firmly repudiating Togliatti's suggestion that Russia's present leaders were "co-responsible" with Stalin, the Central Committee advanced for the first time the unsubstantiated claim that there had in fact been a staunch "Leninist core" of the Central Committee and that on occasion it opposed Stalin's arbitrary use of power. "There were certain periods, for instance during the war years when the individual acts of Stalin were sharply restricted . . . Members of the Central Committee and also outstanding Soviet war commanders took over certain sectors of activity in the rear, and at the front made independent...