Word: tonning
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...California's Vandenberg Air Force Base, the Air Force launched Discoverer V, putting a ton of hardware into orbit, including the 1,700-lb. second-stage rocket and a 300-lb. instrument package-a new record for U.S. satellite payloads (but still far behind Russia's 2,134-lb. Sputnik III). After 17 trips through its polar orbit, retrorockets were to plunge Discoverer V back into the atmosphere, and C-119 transport planes-trailing trapezelike devices to snare the descending parachute-were waiting 700 miles southwest of Hawaii. But Discoverer V was never heard from again...
...citadel of unfettered free enterprise and trade liberalism, West Germany has been acting mighty odd. In the latest of a series of attempts to set prices and regulate trade, roly-poly Economics Minister Ludwig Erhard last week announced a stiff tax on fuel oil: $7.14 per metric ton (about $1 per bbl.). The punitive tax, which Erhard himself describes as a "sin" against his free-market theories, is designed to discourage the use of oil, thus ease Germany's steadily mounting coal surplus of 17 million tons...
...will replace another government attempt to reduce oil use by setting up an oil cartel. Under the cartel, which Erhard also admitted was one of his little sins, major oil companies last December were pressured by Bonn to fix prices at $22 per metric ton (about $3 per bbl.) and not to advertise. But cheaper oil flooded in from neighboring nations and Iron Curtain lands. Small, noncartel companies cut oil prices as low as $15 per ton, tripled their market share to 25%. Last week giant Esso A.G., a subsidiary of Standard Oil Co. (New Jersey), alarmed because its share...
Other German attempts to prop coal have also flopped. Last February Bonn put a $4.76-per-ton tariff on all coal imports exceeding 5,000,000 tons a year, mostly from the U.S. That only irritated U.S. producers. The tariff halved imports from the U.S. to 3,100,000 tons in the first six months of 1959, but German surpluses went up by almost 5,000,000 tons...
Other Japanese carmakers have entered the sweepstakes. The second biggest, Nissan Motor Co., has shipped to the U.S. 2,700 Datsuns (37 h.p., 40 m.p.g.) that sell for $1,616, plans this month to bring in a still lower-priced model, next month to ship quarter-ton pickups and midget station wagons (50 h.p., 40 m.p.g.) to sell for about $1,600. Osaka's giant Daihatsu cartel has started to sell its three-wheeled midget pickup truck called Trimobile. U.S. price...