Word: tooling
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Some applications to date of the new tool...
...Probably the most useful tool for research since the discovery of the microscope" was described in detail last week by Dr. Joseph G. Hamilton of the University of California. The tool he referred to is the use of radioactive elements, and his comparison was apt. Whereas the microscope makes visible aspects of living tissue which cannot be seen with the naked eye, the use of radioactive elements as tracers makes it possible to learn what becomes of elements taken into a living organism as food, to study the intricate mechanics of metabolism in living plants and animals...
...This tool has been in the hands of science only a short time. Only in 1934 did Irene Curie* and her husband, Frédéric Joliot, first make ordinary elements such as iron and iodine radioactive so that they give off sub-atomic particles and gamma rays just as radium does. The invention of the cyclotron, Ernest Orlando Lawrence's great atom-smashing machine in California, simplified the manufacture of such elements so that they are now commonplace in physical laboratories. And in Copenhagen in 1935 O. Chiewitz and G. Hevesy first used such artificial radioactive elements...
National Youth Administration has more than 400,000 youngsters enrolled in its 4,300 workshops, sends them to jobs at the rate of about 25,000 a month. In their own shops, housed in deserted factories and equipped with secondhand machinery, NYA enrollees make army cots, tool chests, torpedo parts. Last year they built six airports, improved 14. A big NYA expansion is slated next year; its budget will...
Mehornay 's first point of attack was to locate the idle capacity. As a guide, he used the recent N.A.M. survey of 18,000 machine-tool plants which had turned up 157,000 partially idle machines. In New York State another incomplete survey (ordered by Governor Lehman) has already located 134,500 machine-hours per day available for defense. With two months to go before the DCS's much more detailed census is completed, Meornay has also started the second phase of his program: in all Federal Reserve District Banks and branch banks, DCS has established offices...