Word: topsoil
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Oxford Archaeologist M. J. Aitken explained to the conference why almost any disturbance of the soil shows up on the magnetometer. Topsoil is generally more magnetic than soil below it, so when a ditch or cellar gradually fills with material washed from the surface, it distorts the earth's magnetic field enough to be detected by the magnetometer despite several yards of debris...