Word: torah
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...essential idea of the Reconstructionist movement is that Judaism is neither religion, race nor culture, but a combination of all three, in what Dr. Kaplan calls "peoplehood." The three groupings of U.S. Jews-Torah-centered Orthodox, ethics-centered Reform, and the Conservatives who lie between them-can unite, says Dr. Kaplan, in this sense of peoplehood. "Jews must become spiritually united, though theologically diverse...
...Superficially, the first Christians seemed to be a sect of Judaism. Under the leadership of James, the brother of Jesus, the community in Jerusalem waited quietly for the end of the world, worshiping and sacrificing in the Temple, observing the fast and feast days and the stringencies of the Torah. Most of their converts were Jews; as for the Gentiles, it was understood that no man could be a Christian without first being a Jew-which meant circumcision and obedience to the dietary laws...
...Paul pointed to Jesus' consistent opposition to the tyranny of the Torah ("The Sabbath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath"). Faith in Christ, plus baptism, rather than rites and observances, he maintained, is all that is necessary. This teaching greatly appealed to the Gentiles, who were interested in a religion of personal salvation rather than the national salvation hoped for by Judaism. As Paul and Barnabas made more and more converts, opposition to them began to grow among the conservative Jewish Christians, who were shocked to find communities calling themselves Christian whose members were uncircumcised...
...Jewish religion is primarily a guide to action. Halacha, which literally means "the proper way" and is an all-embracing term for the Torah, plus 2,000 years of legal rabbinical commentaries on it, covers every conceivable detail of daily life, from what constitutes a fair interest rate to how grain that falls into gopher holes during harvest time should be left for the poor. At Manhattan's Orthodox Yeshiva University, 150 rabbinic alumni listened to a lecture on halacha and science by Yeshiva's Dr. Moses D. Tendler, a 33-year-old rabbi and biologist. The lecture...
...Prophecy. When the unknown Seventh-day Adventist climbed down the mountain, he left some Bibles in Chimpay, and the Indians began to study the Torah and live by it. Eleven years later, a Chilean Jew named Santiago Martinez visited Chimpay, gave the Indians real instruction in Judaism, and told them that the children of Israel had completed their millennium of suffering for having forsaken Jehovah and were soon to return to Zion to await the coming of the Messiah. The Araucanians observed Jewish dietary laws, feast and fast days, separated men and women for worship, even broke down their tribe...