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Last week in Manhattan, the U.S. Court of Appeals overturned Seeger's conviction. The draft law's requirement of belief in a Supreme Being, ruled the court, is unconstitutional. The decision leaned heavily on 1961's Torcaso v. Watkins case, in which the U.S. Supreme Court declared invalid a Maryland law requiring every notary public to take an oath professing belief in the existence of God. Neither the Federal Government nor a state, said the Supreme Court, "can constitutionally pass laws or impose requirements which aid all religions as against nonbelievers, and neither can aid those religions...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: The Constitution: The Conscientious Nonbeliever | 1/31/1964 | See Source »

...Supreme Court of the United States last week unanimously reversed two lower courts to find that the State of Maryland's "religious test for public office unconstitutionally invades . . . freedom of belief and religion." The case in question: Roy R. Torcaso's application for a commission as notary public, denied two years ago because he says flatly that he does not believe...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Religion: Atheists in Office | 6/30/1961 | See Source »

During the two years' waiting, says Roy Torcaso, he has got three antagonistic phone calls-one calling him a "dirty Communist," another an "atheistic bum." the third insulting his wife. Overbalancing that, he says, he has received "tremendously overwhelming support" from all over the U.S. and Canada...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Religion: Atheists in Office | 6/30/1961 | See Source »

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