Word: toriello
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Time for Truce? Guatemala's President Jacobo Arbenz, the proud and stubborn army officer who has traveled so long and so far with the Reds, suddenly decided that a personal meeting between President Eisenhower and himself might "ease the present tense situation." Foreign Minister Guillermo Toriello called in U.S. Ambassador John E. Peurifoy and had what he later described as a "most cordial" talk on improving relations. Toriello tried hard to put over the idea that the issue really keeping the two countries apart is the United Fruit Co.'s troubles with the Guatemalan government, and that...
...chance Toriello really believed that, he was dead wrong. The overriding issue for the U.S. in Guatemala is the growth of Communist influence within the government. Said a Washington spokesman last week: "If the Guatemalans paid the United Fruit Co.'s full $16 million claim tomorrow and decorated every last United Fruit official with the Order of the Quetzal, we wouldn't be one whit less concerned about the danger of Communism in Guatemala...
...Coming Protégé. Guatemala's Foreign Minister Guillermo Toriello had ready reasons for buying Communist arms. Since 1949 the U.S. has refused to send any military equipment there-even, Toriello complained, "pistols for the police [or] small-caliber ammunition for the use of a hunting and fishing club." (The State Department explained that it had refused because of the "obvious uncertainty as to the purposes for which those arms might be used.") Through depletion, Guatemala's 6,000-man army had become worse supplied than the armies of Honduras, El Salvador and Nicaragua...
Recourse to Rio. This week, with tension eased by a long weekend adjournment after Toriello's blast, the U.S. put forward its anti-Communist resolution. The resolution provided that the republics agree that "domination or control of the political institutions of any American state by the international Communist movement . . . would constitute a threat . . . and call for appropriate action in accordance with existing treaties." Under the 1947 Rio treaty, the American Foreign Ministers may meet and take action if two-thirds of the members of the Organization of American States decide that the political independence of an American state...
Secretary Dulles put his case to the delegates in a hard-punching rebuttal to Toriello. "I thought that by now every Foreign Minister of the world knew what international Communism is," he said. "It is disturbing if the foreign affairs of one of our American republics are conducted by one so innocent that he has to ask that question." Then Dulles defined international Communism in blistering terms as "that farflung, clandestine political organization which is operated by the leaders of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and which, since 1939, has brought 15 once-independent nations into a state...