Word: totalitarianism
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...author of such acclaimed novels as The War of the End of the World and Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter, had torn himself away from the proofs of his new book to embroil himself in Peru's latest crisis. Addressing the crowd in Lima, Vargas Llosa warned, "A totalitarian threat is hovering over our country." The menace: a move by Peruvian President Alan Garcia Perez to nationalize private banks...
Mikhail Gorbachev's calls for glasnost (openness),* demokratizatsiya (democratization) and perestroika (restructuring) have become the watchwords of a bold attempt to modernize his country's creaky economic machinery and revitalize a society stultified by 70 years of totalitarian rule. In televised addresses, speeches to the party faithful and flesh- pressing public appearances -- often with his handsome wife Raisa -- he has spread his gospel of modernization. Translating his words into action, he is streamlining the government bureaucracy, reshuffling the military, moving reform-minded allies into the party leadership and allowing multicandidate elections at the local level. He has loosened restrictions...
Even to ask whether the cold war is over is a bit like asking, "Is God dead?" Given the brutal nature of the Soviets' aggression and their willingness to impose totalitarian systems around the world, the question can seem blasphemous -- and worse, naive. The cold war, after all, describes not just the interaction between two powerful nations but a holy struggle between two starkly opposed value systems. The phrase, first used in a speech by Bernard Baruch in 1947, implies that the relationship is, in essence, a war -- not just a rivalry between great powers but a struggle that would...
American analysts from Kennan onward have stressed their own view of the connection: the Kremlin's totalitarian domestic system, they argue, is a primary cause of its expansionist foreign policy. In order to consolidate and protect its power at home, the ruling elite finds it useful to create a hostile international environment. Richard Pipes, a history professor at Harvard University and hard-line Soviet expert who served in the Reagan Administration, is a noted proponent of this view. Says he: "Aggressiveness is embedded in a system where there is a dictatorial party that can justify its power only by pretending...
...Sandinista cooperation in peacemaking. If we arrive at an agreement and Nicaragua does not fulfill the obligations of the agreement, then it will put an end to this ambiguity which has permitted the Sandinistas to receive the support of both democratic and totalitarian governments...