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...world glimpse its version of justice. In the course of secretly trying some 5,000 "criminals" (at least 113 of whom have been sentenced to death), Kadar decided to hold an open trial of eleven young Freedom Fighters. For his winning examples he chose Medical Student Ilona Toth, Editor Gyula Obersovszky, Playwright Jozsef Gali and eight others including an army lieutenant, charged them with having murdered an AVH man who had discovered that they were putting out a mimeographed revolutionary sheet called We Live! (TIME, April...
Slim, blonde Ilona Toth, 25-year-old medical student, was charged with having murdered a patient, Istvan Kollar, with successive hypodermic injections of narcotics, gasoline and air. She had discovered, by a photograph of him in uniform, that Kollar was an AVH man. Dressed in a navy blue overcoat too big for her slight frame, Ilona Toth appeared in Budapest's gloomy municipal court with ten other Freedom Fighters chosen from the thousands in Kadar's jails. They were picked for trial, the middle-aged woman judge indicated, because they were "intellectuals, students...
...oust Premier Nagy's legitimate government, Editors Obersovszky and Gali urged continued resistance, changed the name of their clandestine journal to We Live! It was during this time that Hospital Patient Kollar fell under their suspicion: the underground group feared that he would betray them. Said Ilona Toth: "I felt I had to kill him." When her needles failed, one of her companions stood on Kollar's neck and she dispatched him with a knife...
...tense courtroom, tearful Student Toth pleaded extenuating circumstances. "I was completely overwrought," she said. "I thought I had to do everything for the revolution." She could not understand why Russia, a friend of Hungary, had sent in troops, and she insisted that the aims of the students who took up arms were not subversive. Said Freedom Fighter Toth: "Whatever I might have done, I do not consider myself a murderess...
...Obersovszky and Gali and six other members of the Domonkos hospital group, the sentence was prison. For Ilona Toth and two of her companions, including the one who helped hold AVH man Kollar, the sentence was death. As the word fell from the judge's lips, there was a gasp from the 400 spectators in the courtroom. The judge threatened to clear the court. Tommy-gun-toting guards edged forward. This was Kadar's Hungary...