Word: tough
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Great Silence. The delicate-and for the first two weeks, bloodless-state of balance could not last indefinitely, for two great forces were in a deadly duel to determine the fate of France. Defending the Fourth Republic was testy Premier Pierre Pflimlin, armed with constitutionality and the tough internal security forces commanded by stooped, whitehaired Interior Minister Jules Moch.* On the attack were the insurgents of Algeria, armed with the bulk of France's effective military strength and the full-throated approval of the Algiers mob. Off to one side, waiting for a summons to take over, stood towering...
Adding some of the zing to the stones that bounced off U.S. Vice President Nixon's limousine in Caracas a fortnight ago was Venezuelan anger at the U.S. for sheltering ousted Dictator Marcos Perez Jimenez and his tough Security Police boss, Pedro Estrada. Nixon sensibly pointed out that the Venezuelans can have Perez Jimenez back any time they can make out a sound legal case for extraditing him. Last week the U.S. took official action of its own; the Immigration and Naturalization Service instructed its agents to bar Estrada, who left the U.S. a fortnight ago for Europe without...
...tiny but tough sect got its start in 1653 with a group of fundamentalists in the Russian Orthodox Church. They balked at such reforms as modernizing their ancient Slavonic liturgical books and using three fingers (signifying the Holy Trinity) when crossing themselves. Old Believers stuck by two fingers (signifying the dual nature of Christ) and other old traditions. Excommunicated, they set up their own church organization to keep track of births and deaths. They married only within their small fold, lived in isolated farm colonies where they produced their own food, clothing and shelter. Their descendants still scorn doctors...
...Tough Isbrandtsen Founder Hans Isbrandtsen challenged the legality of the dual rate, fought it through many courts before he died in 1953. Since then, the company has carried on his battle under .the leadership of his son Jakob, 36, now company president. The Department of Agriculture, which ships huge quantities of surplus food, and the Justice Department joined the fray-but on Isbrandtsen's side...
Died. Michael J. ("Umbrella Mike") Boyle, 77, tough longtime boss of Chicago's electrical workers, who twice (1921 and 1937) threw the city into blackout paralysis; of a heart attack; in Miami. Boyle was nicknamed for his tactful method of collecting bribes; in Johnson's saloon, his unofficial headquarters on West Madison Street, he would hang his big cotton bumbershoot on the edge of the bar, discuss terms with "clients," disappear while they slipped the cash into the umbrella. One reported result: when the law wanted to know how he had managed to save $350,000 in eight...